Ancaman Kasepekang Desa Adat Pemogan Dinilai Tak Manusiawi, Jro Somya: Adat Tak Boleh Menyalahi Hak Asasi
- account_circle Ray
- calendar_month Jumat, 18 Jul 2025
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I Made Somya Putra / Pengamat sosial.
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DENPASAR – Berita yang viral belakangan ini yang diunggah Dunia News Bali, tentang kasus dugaan perundungan terhadap warga Desa Adat Pemogan, berinisial WKS, pasca mengkritik Jro Bendesa di media sosial, kembali menguak polemik yang lebih besar, yakni relevansi dan penyalahgunaan sanksi adat di era hukum modern.
WKS mengaku mendapat tekanan sosial, intimidasi verbal, hingga ancaman sanksi kasepekang (pengucilan secara adat), setelah menyuarakan keberatan atas domisili Jro Bendesa yang dianggap bertentangan dengan awig-awig desa.
Di tengah polemik tersebut, pernyataan tajam datang dari pelayan hukum dan pengamat sosial, Jro Made Somya Putra, yang menilai bahwa praktik-praktik adat seperti kasepekang dan kanoroyang sudah tidak relevan di tengah hadirnya hukum positif dan konstitusi negara.
“Kasepekang bisa melukai martabat warga. Jika adat digunakan untuk membungkam kritik, itu bukan adat, itu bentuk penindasan sosial. Hukum adat tidak boleh melampaui hak asasi manusia,” tegas Jro Somya saat dimintai pendapatnya, Rabu (17/7).
Ia menambahkan, adat yang hidup dalam masyarakat idealnya menjadi ruang perekat sosial, bukan alat represi untuk melanggengkan kekuasaan yang tidak transparan. Dalam konteks negara hukum, semua warga negara memiliki hak yang setara untuk berbicara, berserikat, dan mengkritik, termasuk terhadap pemimpin adat sekalipun.
Kritik Berujung Intimidasi
Kasus WKS bermula dari unggahan media sosialnya yang menyentil keberadaan Jro Bendesa menggunakan plesetan istilah “KKN: Kanggo Keneh Nira”. Kritik tersebut dianggap melecehkan, hingga WKS dipanggil dua kali dalam rapat adat. Namun, ia mengaku tidak diberi ruang untuk menyampaikan klarifikasi, justru menerima cemoohan dan bahkan menyaksikan insiden kerauhan dari seorang pengawas LPD.
Tak hanya itu, sistem pemilihan Jro Bendesa juga dipertanyakan. Dari lima banjar adat di Pemogan, hanya tiga yang diberi hak mencalonkan bendesa.
“Ini jelas diskriminatif dan tidak mencerminkan prinsip kesetaraan,” tegas WKS.
Meski telah membuat surat permohonan maaf secara administratif, permintaan upacara Banten Guru Piduka sebagai bentuk permintaan maaf secara niskala dinilai belum pantas dilaksanakan sebelum awig-awig desa direvisi untuk menghindari multitafsir yang merugikan warga.
WKS juga menolak hadir dalam forum mediasi di kantor LPD yang dinilainya tidak netral. Ia meminta agar proses tersebut dipindahkan ke kantor prebekel atau lurah sebagai lembaga administratif yang lebih menjamin keadilan.
“Saya bukan anti adat, tapi jangan sampai adat digunakan untuk membungkam dan mengasingkan warga yang kritis,” ujarnya.
Tanggung Jawab Pemerintah
Ancaman kasepekang terhadap WKS memantik desakan publik agar Majelis Desa Adat (MDA), PHDI, dan DPRD Bali turun tangan mengevaluasi ulang eksistensi dan pelaksanaan sanksi adat.
Jro Somya menegaskan bahwa adat tidak boleh eksklusif dan antikritik. Ketika adat berkonflik dengan konstitusi dan hak asasi, maka adat tersebut harus direformasi, bukan dilanggengkan.
“Negara sudah menyediakan ruang hukum formal. Mengapa harus kembali ke pola pengucilan seperti di zaman kerajaan? Ini harus dikaji ulang,” pungkas Jro Somya.
Menurut Jro Somya, jika terjadi kasepekang lagi tanpa adanya tindakan preventif atau pencegahan, maka pihak yang paling bertanggung jawab adalah pemerintah di semua tingkatan. Sebab, pembiaran (omissions) merupakan bentuk pelanggaran HAM.
Advokat sekaligus pengamat sosial ini mencontohkan kasus kanoroyang di Kabupaten Klungkung. Ia menyebut bahwa akibat pembiaran dan ketidakmampuan pemerintah dalam mencegahnya, banyak warga mengalami kerugian besar.
“Lihatlah apa yang terjadi kalau dibiarkan terus-menerus. Anak-anak yang masih kecil dan tidak tahu apa-apa bisa kehilangan sekolah. Keluarga yang tidak ikut berkonflik bisa diusir dan kehilangan pekerjaan. Maka pemerintah harus bertindak untuk pencegahan,” ujar Jro Somya.
Sementara itu, dikutip dari berita Dunia News Bali, saat dikonfirmasi, pihak Jro Bendesa belum dapat dimintai keterangan karena tengah melakukan persembahyangan di Pura Mandara Giri Semeru, Lumajang, bersama para bendesa se-Kota Denpasar. (Ray)
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